Raising Cain Essay - 1312 Words

A boy longs for connection at the same time he feels the need to pull away, and this opens up an emotional divide. This struggle between his need for connection and his desire for autonomy finds different expression as a boy grows. But, regardless of their age, most boys are ill-prepared for the challenges along the road to becoming an emotionally healthy adult. Whatever role biology plays (and that role is by no means clear) in the ways boys are characteristically different from girls in their emotional expression, those differences are amplified by a culture that supports emotional development of girls and discourages it for boys. Stereotypical notions of masculine toughness deny a boy his emotional resources. We call this process,†¦show more content†¦The object of examining gender roles is to answer the question why should women and men be equal and Are there populations in which men and women are absolutely equal? Are there societies in which women dominate men? (G ender 238) By understanding the culture in which this piece of literature is written, the gender roles and the rules of behavior for a woman, then the relationships between genders can be realized. The general myth about women and their gender role in the American society is that the mother works in the home and supports her man in every way. For each relationship, the people in that relationship must decide the particular roles that they will play. In the literary work Girl, Kincaid shows clearly that the womans role in this work was to serve the family and to work mainly in the house. The mother writing this story tells her daughter that this is how you iron your fathers khaki shirt so that it doesnt have a crease (Kincaid 489). In this marriage, it is understood that the wife is to do the laundry for the husband. Todays society does not always provide these clear roles since many women work a full time job and the house chores are a responsibility for both to handle. Though the w oman is still mainly held responsible for the home. There should be a constant search for equality in gender roles. Kincaid explains how the man is working to bring home the money and the wife supportsShow MoreRelatedEternal Reward And Consequences Beyond Residency Essay1498 Words   |  6 Pagesas an act of worship can also be observed later in the biblical narrative with both false and pure motives through Cain, Abel, Abraham, and Jacob. Those are only the examples from the first book of the Bible. The final building block found in Genesis’ narrative is that God is pleased to receive a gift according to what He has entrusted back to Him. Abel gave as a herdsman, and Cain gave as an agriculturalist. Despite the agrarian references to vocation and giving there can still be a post- agrarianRead MoreFear of Parenting for this Generation1240 Words   |  5 Pageslifestyle choices would negatively affect the upbringing of a child. The fear of parenting is so strong that people would believe anybody who claims to be an expert in raising children. Susan Cain, who is known for her book Quiet, answered questions on the difficulties of parenting with conflicting personalities. Those personalities that Cain addressed were defined as introverts and extroverts by Carl Jung. A parent shouldn’t worry about their personality or lifestyle affecting a child’s development asRead MoreReviving Opheli Saving The Selves Of Adolescent Girls881 Words   |  4 PagesWhile reading Mary Pipher’s, â€Å"Reviving Ophelia: Saving the Selves of Adolescent Girls† and Dan Kindlon and Michael Thompson’s, â€Å"Raising Cain: Protecting the Emotional Life of Boys,† I got a better understanding of the mindsets of teenagers in todays society. I learned that countless girls and boys have the same inner battles and do not even realize it. The two songs I chose that best represent ideas of woman and manhood are â€Å"Unpretty,† by TLC and â€Å"Stan,† by Eminem. I believe these songs support manyRead More Themes in the Novel and Movie Adaptation of James Cain’s Mildred Pierce1573 Words   |  7 Pageslives. Rather than simply being passive to the impulses of men, Mildred takes charge of her life and decides which men she will be with and leaves those that she no longer has an affection for. Cain dives into more controversial territory by having Mildred use men for her own sexual satisfaction. Cain also moves women into the role of successful ‘breadwinners’ during a time where men generally held financial power further blurring traditional roles of gender. However, Mildred does not completelyRead MoreA Matter of The Heart Essay1446 Words   |  6 Pagesrelations with humanity and enclosing her in a sphere by herself.† (William E. Cain 631) This is just the beginning of her punishment as she is exposed to what Harold Bloom calls â€Å"moral agony†. The scarlet letter serves as a constant reminder of her sin. She lives in the constant repercussions of her sins. In light of the fact that Dimmsdale chooses to conceal his sin, Hester is left with the full responsibility of raising this child on her own. She is a joy to Hester and yet serves as a constant reminderRead MoreBeowulf: Themes1038 Words   |  5 PagesAnglo-Saxon epic Beowulf is the most important work of Old English literature, and is well deserved of the distinction. The epic tells the story of a hero, a Scandinavian prince named Beowulf, who rids the Danes of the monster Grendel, a descendent of Cain, and of his exploits fighting Grendel s mother and a Dragon. Throughout the epic, the Anglo-Saxon story teller uses many elements to build a certain depth to the characters. Just a few of the important character elements in Beowulf are Wealth HonorRead MoreThe King James Bible : Old And New Testament1637 Words   |  7 Pages his wife doesn’t follow the same advice and is turned into a pillar of salt. 17) Cain and Abel; Jacob and Esau; Isaac and Rebecca; Rachel and Leah; Ruth and Naomi After seeing how God preferred Abel’s offering to his own Cain was filled with so much jealousy that he murdered his own brother. His punishment was wander around the world in solitude and then God decided to threaten whoever tries to murder Cain with sevenfold vengeance. Jacob and Esau were children of Isaac and Rebekah and they wereRead MoreHow The Harlem Renaissance Shaped Literature1596 Words   |  7 Pageswhat inspired him to write Cane, so that he could tell people about an authentic African American experience in different parts of the United States. Toomer thought that literature and art were the most effective ways to create change in America by raising up people’s minds. He attended many lectures and social gatherings to meet people similar to him, such as Waldo Frank. A popular intellectual author, Frank became his mentor and gave him a lot of direction while writing Cane. He even started a culturalRead MorePersuasive Essay On Career And Family1438 Words   |  6 PagesMaternity is priceless, of course, but since raising children comes with no formal salary for the parents, the cost is enormous, especially to the mother. This cost that Ling-Yin speaks of is the cost of their own professional lives and often respect and responsibility within the workplace. This is where women struggle between a professionally unfulfilling life of staying at home with children and an equally unfulfilling life without children but a blossoming career. This is an unfair choice toRead MoreCain Was The Firstborn Of Adam And Eve Essay2519 Words   |  11 PagesCain was the firstborn of Adam and Eve. In him were deposited all the desires of restoration of the original state of the man and mainly of the state of intimate communion with God the all-powerful. Therefore, Cain shows himself to be a person who did not please God with his offerings, because his motivation was different from the motivation of his brother Abel, as he sought to present the best of his flock to the Lord as we can see at Genesis 4:3-5 And in process of time it came to pass, that Cain

Fidelity Vs. The Odyssey Essay - 1172 Words

Pietro Elie Mr. Lewis F Band 12/8/16 How Fidelity Drives The Odyssey Fidelity is the crucial virtue in The Odyssey. Fidelity is what drives the story of Odysseus’s journey: it is both Odysseus s reason for returning home and the means for him to get home. In the course of the story, Homer dramatizes the nature of fidelity by contrasting different forms of fidelity and their opposites. This essay will examine three forms of fidelity and the roles they play in Odysseus s journey. The most noticeable form of fidelity is sexual fidelity, or faithfulness. Odysseus loves his wife, Penelope, and he wants nothing more than to get back home to her; and for him, the fullest expression of being â€Å"back with her† would be back in bed with her. And yet Odysseus sleeps with a couple of other women during his journey home, and he does so willingly. Describing Odysseus’s last day with Calypso, Homer says, And now, withdrawing into the cavern s deep recesses, in each other s arms they lost themselves in love. (book 5, lines 250-251) What they feel is â€Å"love† not just lust, or passion; that â€Å"they lost themselves† shows that they felt it mutually. This is obviously Odysseus sleeping with Calypso willingly and enjoying it. Later in the story, he is unfaithful to Penelope again when he sleeps with Circe: â€Å"Straightaway she began to swear the oath I required—never, she’d never do meShow MoreRelatedMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 PagesJuggernaut Starbucks: A Paragon of Growth and Employee Benefits Finds Storms Boston Beer: Is Greater Growth Possible? 29 46 PART II MARKETING WARS 61 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Cola Wars: Coca-Cola vs. Pepsi PC Wars: Hewlett-Packard vs. Dell Airliner Wars: Boeing vs. Airbus; and Recent Outsourcing Woes 63 86 PART III COMEBACKS Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 McDonald’s: Rebirth Through Moderation Harley-Davidson: Creating An Enduring Mystique Continental Airlines:Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages6 (2005), pp. 1185–1203; and S. E. Scullen, M. K. Mount, and T. A. Judge, â€Å"Evidence of the Construct Validity of Developmental Ratings of Managerial Performance,† Journal of Applied Psychology 88, no. 1 (2003), pp. 50–66. 9. F. Luthans, â€Å"Successful vs. Effective Real Managers,† Academy of Management Executive (May 1988), pp. 127–132; and F. Luthans, R. M. Hodgetts, and S. A. Rosenkrantz, Real Managers (Cambridge, MA: Ballinger, 1988). See also F. Shipper and J. Davy, â€Å"A Model and Investigation of

Conflict resolution Free Essays

Healthy organizations which are characterized by well developed problem -solving mechanisms and a collaborative climate are able to identify conflict and deal with it in a elaborative way that leaves the organization stronger and better developed rather than weakened and wracked with hostility (Owens, Valleys, 2011). The potential conflict in this elementary school can be approached with five possible methods namely: muscle, reconciliation, harmony, retreat, and collaboration. The muscle method is assertive, aggressive, and competitive. We will write a custom essay sample on Conflict resolution or any similar topic only for you Order Now This style creates win-lose situation. This is termed as † I am the boss. Just do it! â€Å". The reconciliation method is one of accommodating, giving in and acquiescing to preserve relationships while resolving the conflict, at least immemorially. The harmony style assumes a â€Å"middle ground,† aimed at achieving compromise in order to resolve conflict. On the other hand, retreat method avoids or withdraws in from the conflict. It is aimed at not becoming involved with conflict and the strong feelings it may generate. The collaborating approach attempts to reach consensus and stresses working together for a mutual solution to conflicts. (Owens, valleys,201 1). In order to manage the conflict in this elementary school and the community in question, the collaborative method seems in my opinion the most attractive approach in order to lessen the destructive hostility among the staff and all parties t and to pave the way for opportunities of growth and development of the school and the community as a whole. The first step I will take as a new principal is to get to the source of the imminent conflict sweeping across the school environment. I will have a private meeting with the librarian, the physical education teacher, and each of the other parties involved to be able to get to the root of the conflict. With eye contacts, open heartiness and impartial attitude, I will listen actively and discuss the issues tit these individuals privately. After that, I will form a committee comprising of teachers, staff members, parents, community members, administrators, board of directors, and all stakeholders. I will have a meeting with the committee to discuss the issue at hand while the director Of schools and myself serve as facilitators. Each party will present its view of the problem while the other parties listen attentively without interruption. We as facilitators will ensure that each party states its case clearly and calmly without personally attacking the other parties. Secondly, I will ask each party to state two or three specific suggestions on how it thinks the conflict could be solved. An example might be,† I will like the administration to handle all field trip approvals†. Another clear suggestion might be, â€Å"I will like all teachers and staff to select a representative from their respective department to handle curriculum and standards issues†. It is of paramount importance for the facilitators to encourage and prompt each party to identify the root cause of the problem and then come up with specific ways that will resolve the issue Seafarer, 2007). Through the lens of impartiality, active listening skills and compassion, I will ensure that the suggestions presented are thoroughly discussed and agreed upon to make the necessary changes. At this point, all parties will be encouraged to engage each other in a reasonable and professional manner to come to an agreement on the suggestions made and are satisfied with the implementation Of the resolutions. For instance, the veteran librarian will be satisfied with the resolution that bus duties will be assigned to any teacher who volunteers for that opportunity. Parents will be satisfied with the opportunity to lead and provide interesting programs for parent -teacher association. Also they will be excited to be given the golden chance to be part of the decision making body of the school improvement ventures. The final step for the facilitators, especially me is to set up a date for the resolutions to be enacted and follow up on its progress. It is of cardinal importance for me to fearlessly look into the conflict in detail, if necessary. If new policies or procedures need to be put in place to avoid the same conflict arising in the true, will have that discussion with the staff and all parties involved. How to cite Conflict resolution, Papers Conflict Resolution Free Essays Introduction Everyone faces conflict in their lives on a daily basis. It is an accepted and expected part of life. Conflict is not a problem in itself – it is what we do with it that counts. We will write a custom essay sample on Conflict Resolution or any similar topic only for you Order Now You can’t avoid conflict in your life, at home, at work, and even at play. Wherever people interact, there is a potential for conflict. That is not bad news because good things can arise, and relationships can improve through conflict, provided conflict is managed with thought and attention. The bad news is that most of us are fairly limited in how we manage and resolve conflict situations, often throwing gasoline on the fire. It doesn’t have to be that way. Objectives At the end of the report, the graduate students will be able to: 1. Define Conflict and Conflict Resolution. 2. Name the 4 basic categories of Conflict Resolution. 3. Give at least 3 out of 11 strategies of conflict resolution. Conflict among Nurses Nursing is a profession that is based on collaborative relationship with clients and colleagues but, when two or more people view issues from different perspectives, these relationships can be compromised by conflict. Although, the majority belief about conflict is as being negative issue. However, the experience of dealing with conflict can lead to positive outcomes for nurses, their colleagues, and clients. If conflict is not managed effectively, it can hinder a nurse`s ability to provide quality client care and escalate into violence and abuse. Because of this, nurses need to be aware of the ways in which conflict can escalate and be prepared to prevent or manage it in the workplace. Because nurses have interpersonal relationship with people having a variety of different values, beliefs, backgrounds, and goals, conflict is an expected outcome. The primary concern whenever there is conflict among nurses is the negative effects it will create on the quality of service given to the clients. A conflict that remains unresolved can have a far-reaching effect that ultimately influences every aspect of client care. Conflict that is managed effectively by nurses can lead to personal and organizational growth, but if not managed effectively, it can hinder a nurse’s ability to provide quality client care, and escalate into violence and abuse. Because of this, nurses need to be aware of the ways in which conflict can escalate and be prepared to prevent or manage it in the workplace. Nurses who effectively deal with conflict demonstrate respect for their clients, colleagues, and the profession. Causes of Conflict The cause of workplace conflict is often misunderstood and blamed on personalities and misbehavior, but in reality much workplace conflict is systemic and endemic to the workplace environment. Ineffective organizational systems, unpredictable policies, incompatible goals, scarce resources, and Poor communication can all contribute to conflict among different parties in the workplace including the hospital settings. Other causes of conflict may include, personality conflict, value difference, goal differences among others. Similarly, Johnson, 1994. Maintains that, â€Å"cost containment, restructuring of health care organizations, and competitions have given rise to increased conflict for nursing†. Conflict Resolution Skills 1. Initiate discussion – choose the issue(s) you want to address and be specific 2. Communicate – choose language that is concise, avoiding vague/general terms 3. LISTEN – effectively 4. Recognize the need and ability to make personal changes 5. Learn and use what you have learned . Seek out resources and support as necessary Conflict According Farlex free dictionary, conflict is defined as a state of disharmony between incompatible or antithetical persons, ideas, or interests; a clash. Also, Kelly, 2006. Defined conflict as â€Å"A disagreement between individuals who perceive a threat to their needs, interests, and or concerns†. General p erceptions of conflict as â€Å"negative:† 1. Anger 2. Disagreement 3. Hostility 4. Threat 5. Anxiety 6. Competition 7. Tension 8. Violence 9. Destruction 10. Pain 11. War Potential Productive Outcomes of Conflict: 1. Clarifying 2. Learning 3. Stimulating 4. Intimate 5. Courageous 6. Strengthening 7. Creative 8. Helpful 9. Enriching 10. Caring 11. Opportunity 12. Inclusive 13. Managing conflict constructively depends in large measure on clear, open, and honest communication Conflict Resolution Conflict resolution  is conceptualized as the methods and processes involved in facilitating the peaceful ending of  conflict. Often, committed group members attempt to resolve group conflicts by actively communicating information about their conflicting motives or ideologies to the rest of the group. Nature of Conflict Through the integration of participants’ perspectives, interests, belief systems and values, conflict and conflict resolution play important roles in individual and social evolution and development. Conflict arises when one or more participants view the current system as not working. At least one party is  sufficiently dissatisfied with the status quo  that they are willing to  own the conflict  and speak up with the hope of being able to influence the situation to arrive at an improved condition. Conflict may be viewed as a process we put ourselves through to achieve a new condition and self-definition. Through conflict we have opportunities to be creatively self-defining. If nothing else,  conflict allows us to do things differently in the future. Through the resolution of conflict, we can, if we choose, evolve and redefine ourselves, our relationships, our community, our society and our world. It is no accident that we most often find ourselves in conflict with those with whom we spend the most time — family, friends, business associates, and fellow organizational members. There is a great benefit, in terms of the quality of our lives, in being able to constructively resolve conflict with those around us. Basic Categories of Conflict Intrapersonal Conflict The conflict that is happening inside of an individual is intrapersonal conflict. This type of conflict takes place when there is an inconsistency in our ideas, attitudes, emotions or values. This type of conflict occurs within the person. It involves an internal struggle to clarify contradictory values or wants. A nur se occasionally feels conflicted as she struggles to balance her job requirements with her personal life and beliefs. In this situation, a nurse is experiencing intrapersonal conflict. Ethical dilemmas are often a source of intrapersonal conflict, although nurses can experience it for other reasons. For example, a nurse at work may have an intrapersonal conflict if her child is at home sick, since she feels an obligation to her employer and a need to be home with her child. Interpersonal Conflict Interpersonal conflict is the conflict that takes place between individuals–friends, family members, couples or even strangers. These types of conflicts usually take place when people communicate directly with each other. When two nurses disagree, an interpersonal conflict occurs. These types of conflicts are not limited solely to nurses, as patients can enter into an interpersonal conflict with a nurse if they don’t agree with an assessment or recommendation. Interpersonal conflict can be visible as it sometimes results in a person verbally attacking someone else. It can be more damaging to a medical facility if patients witness the conflict. Intragroup Conflict ; Conflict that occurs within a small group of people is intragroup conflict. These conflicts can involve members of a family or workplace team and usually stem from individual differences that end up affecting the entire group. Intergroup Conflict ;Intergroup conflict occurs between different groups. An example is the feud that occurred between the Montagues and the Capulets in Shakespeare’s â€Å"Romeo and Juliet. † When conflict is this large, it can often continue for many years and is extremely complicated to resolve. References http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Conflict_resolution http://www. mindtools. com/pages/article/newLDR_81. htm http://www. helpguide. org/mental/eq8_conflict_resolution. htm http://www. edcc. edu/counseling/documents/Conflict. pdf How to cite Conflict Resolution, Essay examples Conflict resolution Free Essays Successful negotiations pave the way for smooth relationships in the future. To find peaceful solutions to difficult situations. Full-blown battles use up resources time, energy, good reputation, motivation. We will write a custom essay sample on Conflict resolution or any similar topic only for you Order Now By negotiating, you avoid wasting these resources, and you may actually make new allies and find new resources! When should you resolve conflict? Conflict resolution is appropriate for almost any disagreement. Our daily lives offer plenty of opportunities for negotiation – between parents and children, co-workers, friends, etc. And as a result, you probably already have a variety of effective strategies for resolving minor conflicts. But for more serious conflicts, and conflicts between groups rather than individuals, you may need some additional skills. How, for example, should you structure a meeting teens your group and your opponent? When should you settle, and when should you fight for more? How should you react if your opponent attacks you personally? Read on for more information on specific conflict resolution techniques. How should you resolve conflict? There are seven steps to successfully negotiating the resolution of a conflict: 1. Understand the conflict 2. Communicate with the opposition 3. Brainstorm possible resolutions 4. Choose the best resolution Use a third party mediator 5. 6. Explore alternatives 7. Cope with stressful situations and pressure tactics Understand the conflict Conflicts arise for a variety of different reasons. It is important for you to define clearly your own position and interests in the conflict, and to understand those of your opponent. Here are some questions to ask yourself so that you can better define the conflict. Inertest What are my interests? What do I really care about in this conflict? What do I want? What do I need? What are my concerns, hopes, fears? Possible Outcomes What kinds of agreements might we reach? Legitimacy What third party, outside of the conflict, might convince one or both of us that a proposed agreement is a fair one? What objective standard might convince s that an agreement is fair? For example: a law, an expert opinion, the market value of the transaction. Is there a precedent that would convince us that an agreement is fair? Their Interests What are the interests of my opposition? If were in their shoes, what would I really care about in this conflict? What do they want? What do they need? What are their concerns, hopes, fears? Interests play an important role in better understanding conflict. Often, groups waste time â€Å"bargaining over positions. † Instead of explaining what the interests of their position are, they argue about their â€Å"bottom line. † This is not useful way to negotiate, because it forces groups to stick to one narrow position. Once they are entrenched in a particular position, it will be embarrassing for them to abandon it. They may spend more effort on â€Å"saving face† than on actually finding a suitable resolution. It is usually more helpful to explore the group’s interests, and then see what positions suit such interests. Example: Your parent group wants the high school to change its history textbook. You feel that the textbook doesn’t represent the history of Africa adequately. You come to the School Committee and say, â€Å"The only textbook that works for us s The People of Jamaica, and that’s final! † You have presented a position rather than your interests. By drawing a bottom line, you’re stuck in one position. If you don ‘t convince the School Committee to choose this textbook, you’ll lose. A more effective way to approach the School Committee would be to state your interests. You might say, â€Å"We’re concerned about the under- representation of racial minorities in the current Jamaican history textbook, and would like to find an alternative. † By communicating your interests, rather than one position, you are leaving some room to negotiate while still Ewing firm and clear about your goals. Often, the same interest can have many positions. For example, the School Committee might vote to us plenty the history textbook with a packet of articles about minorities as well as other thing about minorities in Jamaica. These are different positions that address the same interest. Communicate with the opposition Now that you have thought through your own interests and those of the other party, you can begin to communicate directly with your opposition. Here are some tips for productive talks: Listen. Their opinions are important to you, because their Opinions are the source of your conflict. If something is important to them, you need to recognize this. Recognizing does not mean agreeing of course! Let everyone participate who wants to. People who participate will have a stake in a resolution. They will want to find a good compromise. Talk about your strong emotions. Let the other side let off steam. Don’t, however, react to emotional outbursts! Try an apology instead of yelling back. Apologizing is not costly, and is often a rewarding technique. Be an active listener. Rephrase what you’re hearing as a question: â€Å"Let me see if I’m following you. You’re saying that†¦ Have got that right? † You can still be rim when you’re listening. Speak about yourself, not the other party. In the textbook example, you might say, â€Å"l feel angry to know that my children are reading this old-fashioned textbook,† rather than, â€Å"How could you choose such a racist book? † Be concrete, but flexible. Speak about your interests, not about your position. Avoid early judgments. Keep asking questions and gathering information. Don’t tell the opposition, â€Å"It’s up to you to solve your problems. † Work to find a solution for everyone. Find a way to make their decision easy. Try to find a way for them to take your position without looking cake, but don’t call it a way for them to â€Å"save face. Egos are important in negotiations! Brainstorm Possible Resolutions Now that you know what the interests of both parties are, and how to better communicate with the opposition, you can start thinking about solutions. Look at all of the interests you have listed, for you and for your opponents, and look for common interests. Often both pa rties share many interests for example, both groups may want stability and public respect. Before you hold a brainstorming meeting, think carefully about how you’ll set up the meeting. Write a clear purpose statement for the meeting. Try to choose a small group of 5-8 people total. Hold the meeting in a different environment from your usual setting. Make sure the setting is an informal one where people feel comfortable and safe. Find an unbiased facilitator, someone who can structure the meeting without sharing his or her own feelings about the conflict. To begin brainstorming, decide whether you want to brainstorm with your opposition, or with only your group. In either case, you will want to establish some ground rules. Work on coming up with as many ideas as possible. Don’t judge or criticize the ideas yet that might prevent people room thinking creatively. Try to maximize (not minimize) your options. Look for win-win solutions, or compromises, in which both parties get something they want. Find a way to make their decision easy During the meeting, seat people side by side, facing the â€Å"problem†Ã¢â‚¬â€œ a blank chalkboard or large pad of paper for writing down ideas. The facilitator will remind people of the purpose of the meeting review the ground rules, and ask participants to agree to those rules. During the brainstorming session, the facilitator will write down all ideas on the chalkboard or pad. Choose the best resolution After the meeting, you will need to decide which resolution is best. Review your brainstorm ideas. Star the best ideas – these are whatnot will work With during the conflict resolution process. Set a time to discuss them and determine which idea is the best. The goal here is to use both groups’ skills and resources to get the best result for everyone. Which resolution gives both groups the most? That resolution is probably the best one. Use a third party mediator As you are brainstorming and choosing a good resolution, you may want to use a third party mediator. This is a person who is not from your group or our opponent’s group, but whom you both trust to be fair. Your mediator can help both sides agree upon a standard by which you’ll judge your resolution. Standards are a way to measure your agreement. They include expert opinions, law, precedent (the way things have been done in the past), and accepted principles. For example, let’s say you’re building a new playground for your town’s elementary school. You disagree with the superintendent about what kinds of materials you’ll use to build the playground. The superintendent wants to use chemical-treated wood, but you feel it’s unsafe. A mediator might read the current guidelines of the lumber industry and tell you which kinds of wood are considered safe for children. Maybe you and the superintendent will agree to follow the lumber industry’s advice-?in other words, to use that as the standard. Your mediator could also, for example, run your brainstorming session. Here are some other possible jobs for a mediator: Setting ground rules for you and your opponent to agree upon (for example, you might both agree not to publicly discuss the dispute) Creating an appropriate setting for meetings Suggesting possible ways to compromise Being an â€Å"ear† for both side’s anger and fear Listening to both sides and explaining their positions to one another Finding the interests behind each side’s positions Looking for win-win alternatives Keeping both parties focused, reasonable, and respectful Preventing any party from feeling that it’s â€Å"losing face† Writing the draft of your agreement with the opposition Perhaps Harriet is considering quitting her job because her boss wants to transfer her to another office. The mediator might say, â€Å"It sounds like Harriet doesn’t care about transferring to the downtown office. What she’s worried about is losing rank. Harriet, do you agree with that? Ms. Snell, do you understand Harrier’s concern? How can we assure Harriet that she won’t lose rank if she agrees to transfer? ‘ Explore alternatives There may be times when, despite your hard work and good will, you cannot find an acceptable resolution to your conflict. You need to think about this possibility before you begin negotiations. At what point will you decide to walk away from negotiations? What are your alternatives if you cannot reach an agreement with your opponent? It is important that you brainstorm your alternatives to resolution early on in the negotiation process, and that you always have your best alternative somewhere in the back of your mind. As you consider possible agreements with your opponent, compare them to this â€Å"best† alternative. If you don’t know what the alternative is, you’ll be negotiating without all the necessary information! In order to come up with an alternative, start by brainstorming. Then, consider the pros and cons of each alternative. Think about which alternative is realistic and practical. Also think about how you can make it even better. At the same time, don’t forget to put yourself in the shoes of your opposition. What alternatives might they have? Why might they choose them? What can you do to make your choice better than their alternative? Roger Fisher and Danny Retell call this alternative your BATAAN Best Alternative To a Negotiated Agreement. You can read more about BAT AN in their book Getting Ready to Negotiate. Cope with stressful situations and pressure tactics So far, we’ve talked about how to negotiate with a fairly reasonable opponent. However, you need to be prepared to negotiate with all kinds of opponents, both reasonable and unreasonable. What if your opponent is more powerful and influential that you are? What if they refuse to meet or alkyl with you? All of these situations are stressful, and intended to put extra pressure on you to make a quick decision in the opposition ‘s favor. How to cite Conflict resolution, Papers

Assumption of Risk Who is to Blame For Our Action Essay Example For Students

Assumption of Risk: Who is to Blame For Our Action Essay sAssumption of Risk: Who is to Blame For Our ActionsThe doctrine of assumption of risk clearly defines the responsibilityof all voluntary actions taken on by individuals, independent of the inherentrisk or danger involved with such actions. Are we only to assume responsibilityfor the positive outcomes of our actions, without also accepting the negativeoutcomes as well? Most individuals only claim responsibility in cases in whichthey are fully responsible for their actions. Living within a country whichhouses a large amount of private enterprise, we often find ourselves relying onoutside help. In many occasions we, the individual seeking assistance, hold thepower to choose which avenue of help will be taken. In these cases in which wehave the choice, should we not also be held responsible for the outcomes of ourdecisions, especially in cases in which we have been pre-warned about anyinherent risks or dangers? For example, When we take it upon ourselves to driveon a private road, smoke cigarettes, work for a mining company, or fly on adiscount airline at our own volition, do we tacitly consent to takeresponsibility for any outcome these actions may hold? The assumption of riskdoctrine seems to ignore the fundamental obligation of entities to ensure theirnatural goals. The distinguishing factor in deciding responsibility infaultless cases which call on the assumption of risk doctrine is the controlheld by individuals after the situation has begun. In accordance, companiessuch as discount airlines and cigarette companies must take on theresponsibility of completing their duties, while individuals who chose to workin a mine or drive on a private road must accept the responsibility of theiractions to do so. All airlines hold the responsibility of transporting their customersfrom a point of origin to a previously designated destination. The person whoagrees to buy a discount airline ticket, which warns to fly at your own risk,is entitled to receive the minimum service of transportation provided by theairline. The individual traveler should assume no other benefits other thantransportation. The airline company claims this act of transportation to be itsgoal of services rendered. Independent of difficulties which may arise incompleting this goal, the airline may not alter the basic duty which it iscontractually obligated to perform. The airline tacitly consented to performthis basic duty the moment they began transporting individuals for an acceptedpayment. Once an individual has boarded the airplane they render all controlover their safety to the accepting airline which holds the minimumresponsibility of returning the individual back to a state of safety once theirduty is complete. The me re nature of airplane transportation forces theindividual to render total control over themselves to the airline. Thistransfer of control holds the airline responsible for any action which may occurdue to the obvious lack of responsibility in the hands of the individual. Oncethe plane has closed the cabin they withhold all control of an individual overthemselves, and must grant the service promised. The individual may demand theright to existence and hold the company liable once they hold the power todictate all aspects of the situation. One problem which arises within the situation is that of somethinghappening which the airline holds no control over. Any difficulties which arisedue to the daily routine of the airplane fall under the responsibility of theairline. Even occurrences which are deemed unavoidable fall under theresponsibility of the airline because they hold total responsibility of theirclients once the cabin is closed. Due to the complete control the airline holdson the situation it may be assumed that the doctrine of assumption of riskapplies solely to the airline. In creating a situation in which the individualmust give up his/her right to self-substinance the airline holds fullresponsibility for any actions taken which may effect the safety of itspassengers. Anytime the airline engages in profit making acts, such as cuttingcosts, they increase the risk upon themselves in return for extra monetarybenefits. Monique Abdelsayed EssayAlthough the company acknowledges the dangers of working in the mines, it is thedecision of the workers to accept the risk or find less hazardous job. Theindividual holds the power to work in the mine or not. Unlike smoking, the mineholds no addictive qualities which force the workers to stay. The workerassumes full responsibility for his/her actions due to the choice to work in ahazardous area. Since the company never gains control over the worker, theworker stays in full control of the situation given the apparent risks involved. The only instance in which the mining company gains some power over theindividual is in the case of monetary concerns. If the individual can onlyobtain work at the mine and relies upon the income produced, it seems clear thatthe company then holds some power over the individual. Although, this power islimited by the mind set of the individual to determine the actual importance ofmonetary gains. Since the mine holds no addictive quality which forces theindividual to work, the worker holds a free mind to decide what qualities oflife are most important. This freedom to decide releases the company fromresponsibility of any problems which may arise as a result of the mine work, andplaces all burden on the individual. Some may argue that the mining company holds some responsibility overthe well-being of its employees. These beliefs support the idea that thecompany should provide the greatest amount of safety precautions for theirworkers. This can be witnessed through the use of safety equipment, medical aid,and protective gear. Since the company has already warned about the risks, itbecomes the burden of the individual to purchase these items for themselves. The company only holds the obligations to inform the workers of such availableequipment. If the workers feel this is unfair they may quit working andpossibly force employers to engage in such safety precautions. Theresponsibility of providing payment for work is the only act which must be takenon by the employer after they have given the warnings about the dangers ofmining. The rest of the responsibility lies in the hands of the miners who holdthe power to decide where they work. The final case regarding responsibility of actions lies on a privateroad which warns individuals of falling rocks. The sign posted at the beginningof the road clearly states any dangers and makes the reader aware of theapparent risks. The fundamental obligation of the road is similar to that ofthe airplane in that it must provide a means for transportation from point A topoint B. However, the road differs from the plane in that the person driving isin control of the situation at all times, and never gives up control over theiractions. The speed of travel, length of stay on the road, and the decision totravel on the road are all decisions made by the individual and have a directeffect on the safety of the individual. In this case the driver becomesresponsible for his actions on the road. The owner of the road met therequirements set upon him by providing means of transport and warning of anydanger; all other responsibility lies in the able hands of the individualdriving the automobile . The responsibility of any given action remains in the hands of those incontrol of the action at any given time. As seen in the airplane and cigaretteexamples, proper warning does not warrant lack of responsibility if theindividual holds no control over the outcome of the action. The mining companyand private road examples show how responsibility lies in the hands of theindividual as long as control over the situation is also controlled by theindividual. It is clear to see that responsibility for any given action remainsin the hands of those who hold control over the situation. Philosophy